Drying apparatus.



No. 769,643. Y

M. BERTRAND. DRYING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED MN. s, 190s. No MODEL.

Ilnllllll llllllnlllJl PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

NiTan STATES Patented September 6, 1904.

PATENT Tricia.

DRYING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,643, dated September 6, 1904.

Application filed January 5, 1903. Serial No. 137,867. 'No model.)

T0 all whom, it 77mg/ concern.-

Be it known that I, MARTUS BERTRAND, a citizen of' the Republic ofl France, residing' at Grigny, Rhne, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Drying' Apparatus, ofl which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a drying' apparatus particularlyv applicable for use in drying' pastry, doug'h, macaroni, vermicelli, and other substances.

rlhe accompanying' drawings represent one f'orm of' apparatus suitable for carrying' out my invention. It is shown with two tracks; but it can be made with only one or with several tracks.

Fig'ure 1 is a sectional plan view ot' the apparatus; Fig'. 2, a cross-sectional View on line A B oi' Fig'. l, and Fig. 3 a vertical sectional view on line U D E F of' Fig'. 1.

The material to be dried is arranged on horizontal drying-plates carried by trucks which are wheeled into the hot room or drying-chamber. This drying-chamber is composed of'-- Figs. 1, Q, B-(af) a closed chamber 3, properly called the drying-chamber, having' two truck-tracks in its longitudinal direction, and (L) two auxiliary chambers 4 and -fi. e., one at each end of the chamber 3. At one end of` this chamber 3 are arranged two openings 6, through which hot air enters, said hot air coming from one or more underground heating apparatus. At the other end of this chamber 3 are arranged two draft-chimneys 8, each having' at its lower part an opening' and terminating' above the roof'. Against the longitudinal walls of' the chamber 3 are arranged tubes, either smooth or with ribs or radiators 9, connected to a steam or hot-water boiler 10 of low orl high pressure, arranged, preferably, in the same place as the hot-air heating apparatus. Between these tubes and the trucktracks are arranged on either side partitions 11, ofl boards, extending' from about halfl a meter from the ground to two or three meters in height. In one end of chamber is arranged a draft-chimney 1Q, extending from below the ceiling' and terminating above the roof. The chambers 3,4, and 5 are closed by slidable doors 13 and 14.

Operation: The drying-chamber being in normal working' order and filled with trucks charged with the materials to be dried and all firmly connected together on each track, the first operation is to bring out from each track a truck or' dried material-that is to say, the first truck nearest to the chamber The workman opens one ofthe doors 14 of the chamber 5, enters, shuts the door 14, and opens the door13, corresponding to the track ot' the truck to be removed. He disengag'es this truck from the rest. runs it into the chamber 5, shuts the door 13, and leaves the truck in the chamber 5. The workman then causes the line o'fl trucks to advance to the extent of' the length of' the truck just removed. This advance can be effected by hand or by means of suitable mech anismsa'. e., a rack, endless chain, or similar device. The next operation is to add at the other end of the chamber 3 a fresh truck to the end of the line. rlhc workman upon leaving' the room 5 and having' shut the door 14 opens the door 14 of' the chamber 4, rolls into the latter a fresh truck which is in waiting before this chamber, and again shuts the door 14. He then opens the corresponding' door 13 of' the chamber 3, causes the truck to enter it and attaches it to the line, (if' the traction device renders this necessary.) and then he g'oes out, shutting' the two doors 13 and 14 af'ter him. The workman acts in this manner for the various tracks of the drying' apparatus, either simultaneously or successively, according' to the rcriluirements of the construction. The hot-air heating' device being' in operation, the hot air passes through the holes 6, traverses the drying' apparatus in its whole length, and finally escapes through the draft-chimney S. The movement of' this air takes place in a contrary direction to that of the trucks, so that when the hot air enters the drying' apparatus the most recently inserted truck is in contact with damp air of' a low temperature. 1n proportion to the advance of' the trucks in the drying apparatus the material to be dried comes into contact with air more and more dry and hot until it arrives at the discharging-point Where the hot air enters the drying apparatus. The

aspiration of the air is effected through the apertures in the lower part of the draftchimn'eys, sol as to remove the air which is most charged with dampness and which therefore sinks to the bottom of the chamber.

The other steam-heater of 10W or high pressure has particularly for its object to compensate the waste heat in the various walls of the drying apparatus-z'. e., to constantly maintain the latter at a normal temperature. The wooden partitions 11 are intended to supply to the articles to be dried the heat radiating from the heated surfaces and to produce a movement of the air in the direction indicated by the arrows. (See Fig. 2.)

When perfect working order is established, it is yeasy to understand that as all the trucks travel in the same direction and remain for the same length of time in the drying apparatus their contents will be dried in a uniform manner, provided they are of the same nature, while it is easy to vary at will the drying by operating the registers for the hot air and the draft-chimneys. The heating of the heating apparatus and that of the steamboiler can also be varied `at will. Thermometers and hygrometers conveniently arranged allow of testing the progress of the drying.

For the purpose of either quickening the movementfof the hot air through the drying apparatus-or for obtaining a more perfect regulation of this movement one or more fans or aspiratorsy 16, Worked mechanically and drawing the air of the drying apparatus through openings 17 in the lower part of the Ydrying' apparatus, are Worked lso as to coperate with the draft-chimneys.

The length of the drying apparatus depends Aon the number of trucks which are to be introduced. The trucks after being removed from the chamber 3 are left in the chamber 5 ,and not removed from the latter until after a certain time, so that their contents may have time to cool sufliciently. It would indeed bev disadvantageous to cause the dry and fairly lhot articles to be suddenly passed into the room where the trucks are discharged and where the temperature is lower than that of the articles as they come out of the drying apparatus.

The draft-chimney 12, arranged in the chamber 5, has for its object to assist in cooling the contents of the trucks. The chambers 4: and 5 have, moreover, for their objectto prevent Waste of heat at the entry and exit of the trucks into and from the drying-chamber 3. On coming out of the chamber 5 the drying frames -or plates carried by the trucks are discharged of their load, replaced on the wheels, and passed to the charging-point, passing down the side passage 18, to be filled again.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A drying apparatus comprising a main closed chamber, an auxiliary chamber at each end of the closed chamber, said closed chamber being provided at one end with inlet-openings for hot air, draft-chimneys at the opposite end ofthe closed chamber, adraft-chimney in one of the auxiliary chambers, lateral heating-pipes in the closed chamber and a truck-track arranged in the latter' chamber.

2. A drying apparatus comprising a main closed chamber, an auxiliary chamber at each end of the closed chamber, said closed chamber being provided at one end with inlet-openings for hot air, draft-chimneys at the opposite end of the closed chamber, a draft-chimney in one of the auxiliary chambers, lateral heating-pipes in the closed chamber, a trucktrack arranged in the latter chamber, and sliding doors arranged to close the main and auxiliary chambers.

3. A drying apparatus comprising a main closed chamber, a-n auxiliary chamber at each end of the main closed chamber, said closed chambery being provided at one end with inletopenings for hot air, draft-chimneys at the opposite end of the closed chamber, a draftchimney in one of the auxiliary chambers, lateral heating-pipes in the mainclosed chamber, truck-tracks in the latter chamber, and lateral partitions 11 arranged between the heating-pipes and the truck-tracks.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specication in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

MARIUS BERTRAND.

Witnesses:

ELISABETH BERTRAND, ANJOURTT. 

